How does the spraying effect of adjustable micro sprinkler change under different water pressure conditions

Adjustable Micro Sprinkler is a key component in modern agricultural irrigation systems and is widely used in fruit trees, vegetables, flowers and landscaping fields. Its core advantage is its ability to flexibly adjust the spray range and flow rate to adapt to different crop and environmental needs. However, changes in water pressure have a significant impact on the spraying effect of microspray heads. Reasonable control and adjustment of water pressure are the key to ensuring irrigation efficiency and water-saving effect.

Effect of water pressure on spray radius
Water pressure is the main factor that determines the spray distance of the spray head. As the water pressure increases, the water flow velocity at the outlet of the nozzle increases, the water droplets are ejected further, and the spray radius expands. Specifically, in low pressure states (usually below 1.0 bar), the spray radius is small and the sprinkler covers a limited area, making it suitable for crops that are densely planted or require precise irrigation. As the water pressure gradually increases (the range of 1.0 to 2.5 bar is the common working range), the spray radius increases linearly, but after exceeding a certain pressure, the spray radius increases slowly, and may cause the water droplets to break down, reducing the uniformity of the spray.

Effect of water pressure on spray uniformity
Spray uniformity is an important indicator for evaluating the performance of microspray heads. Appropriate water pressure can stabilize the water flow and uniform particle size of the water droplets, ensuring balanced water distribution in the irrigation area. Under low water pressure, insufficient flow leads to instability of spraying, irregular spray patterns, and drought in some areas; high water pressure will aggravate the water flow vibration of the nozzle nozzle, severe atomization of water droplets, resulting in fine water mist, which is prone to drift with the wind, reducing the effective coverage and uniformity of actual irrigation.

Effect of water pressure on flow rate and drop diameter
The flow rate of the nozzle is directly affected by the water pressure, and the flow rate increases with the increase of the water pressure. The micro-spray head achieves flow regulation within a certain range through internal structure design, but fluctuations in water pressure will cause unstable output flow, affecting the accuracy of irrigation. In terms of water drop diameter, when the water pressure is low, the water droplets are larger, and they are prone to land quickly under gravity, with a large penetration depth, which is suitable for soil moisturizing; high water pressure states produce finer water droplets, which will prolong the suspension time and are easily blown away by the wind, which is suitable for scenes where surface spraying or cooling is required.

The influence of water pressure on system stability
Frequent fluctuations in water pressure will increase the risk of system operation. Too low pressure may cause the nozzle to fail to work properly, incomplete irrigation, and even dry spraying; too high pressure may easily cause damage to the pipeline and nozzle components, increasing maintenance costs. The use of pressure regulating valves and pressure stabilization devices can effectively buffer water pressure changes and ensure stable operation of the nozzle within the designed working pressure range.

The influence of water pressure on water conservation effect
Microspray irrigation systems are known for their accuracy and water conservation. Reasonable water pressure can maximize water resource utilization. At low water pressure, the water flow rate and spray range are limited, resulting in multi-head overlap spraying and over-irrigation; at high water pressure, the water droplets are blown away by the wind, and the evaporation loss is intensified, resulting in waste of water resources. Adjusting to the appropriate water pressure range not only ensures that the crop needs water, but also reduces water evaporation and runoff to achieve water saving goals.

The influence of water pressure on adaptability to different environments
Environmental factors such as wind speed, temperature and soil type, synergistically affect the spraying effect. High water pressure and wind environment can easily cause water mist to drift, resulting in uneven water distribution; low water pressure will be insufficient spraying distance in windy environments, and the coverage of blind spots will increase. Different soils have different requirements for water droplet size and water drop rate. Water pressure adjustment requires the adjustment of spray intensity in combination with soil permeability characteristics to achieve precise irrigation.