What effect does terrain condition have on the installation of atomizing micro sprinkler

In areas with significant terrain undulations, due to the existence of height differences, the pressure distribution of each node of the irrigation system often appears unbalanced. When water flows through the uneven terrain, the influence of gravitational potential energy may cause the nozzles at high places to have poor atomization effect due to insufficient water pressure, or even fail to discharge water normally; in contrast, the nozzles at low places may cause excessive spraying, increased droplet particles, and unbalanced coverage area due to excessive water pressure, thereby destroying the original spraying uniformity design. In order to solve this problem, the system must introduce pressure compensation nozzles, or be equipped with devices such as pressure regulating valves and zone pressure regulators to accurately adjust the water outlet pressure in different terrain sections mechanically or electronically, so as to ensure that the nozzles work normally within the design range and ensure the uniformity and operation efficiency of the overall irrigation of the system.

The undulation of the terrain will also have a significant impact on the layout of the pipeline system. In areas with complex terrain such as hills, terraces or terraces, the buried paths of the main pipes and branch pipes need to be optimized and adjusted according to the height of the terrain to avoid the problem of insufficient water supply at the end due to excessive head loss. When supplying water at high altitudes, a pump station with sufficient pressure bearing capacity should be selected, and a booster pump or relay pump should be installed in the pipeline system to overcome the pressure attenuation caused by the height difference of the terrain. At the same time, using the principle of gravity flow to achieve natural water supply in low-lying areas can effectively save energy. Under complex terrain, reasonable pipe network zoning and hydraulic control strategies are the key to ensuring the efficient operation of the atomized micro-spraying system, especially in orchards or mountainous agricultural projects with large water supply networks. It is necessary to combine zoning layout with timed irrigation to balance the allocation of water resources and the system operation load.

In terrain areas with complex soil structure and poor drainage conditions, the installation of the atomized micro-spraying system also needs to comprehensively consider the drainage patency and ground water accumulation. During the spraying process, if there is serious water accumulation in local low-lying areas, it may cause crop root diseases, while destroying soil aeration and reducing the ability of plants to absorb nutrients. Therefore, before installation, it is necessary to make necessary ground fine-tuning and leveling according to the terrain, and if necessary, add surface drainage ditches, seepage pipes or concealed pipe drainage systems to ensure the balance of water distribution and the patency of drainage paths during system operation. For areas with good natural drainage paths such as mountain orchards, the original slope direction can be used to naturally guide excess water to the downstream non-crop area to avoid soil erosion and resource waste caused by runoff caused by spraying water.

The characteristics of the terrain also determine the form of nozzle installation and the design of the bracket structure. For areas with large slopes, the installation of nozzles should ensure stability and anti-overturning to avoid displacement or even breakage caused by gravity or water flow impact. In areas with obvious height differences, reinforced nozzle brackets or ground anchor installation methods can be used, and flexible rotating heads can be combined to achieve adaptive adjustment of spraying angles. In some areas with narrow terrain or dense rock distribution, traditional buried pipe layout may no longer be applicable. At this time, ground laying or aerial hanging pipe systems can be considered, combined with the inverted structure of the nozzles to reduce installation difficulty and maintenance costs. Due to the influence of terrain on wind speed and airflow distribution, in areas susceptible to wind interference such as valleys and slope tops, nozzles with small atomization angles and slightly larger droplet sizes should be selected to enhance wind resistance and prevent irrigation deviations caused by spray drift.